Method of concreting piles.



A. H. DAVIS.

METHOD OF GONCRBTING FILES.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV.14, 1910. 1 ,Q25,1 1 2 Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 a No: no 13 A. H. DAVIS. METHOD OF concan'rme PILBS.

Patentbd Apr. 30,1912.

3 SHEETS HBET 2.

H/IUIIIIIIII A. H. DAVIS. METHOD OF GONGRETING FILES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.14, 1910.

Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

a SHEETS-SHEET gum/win q/hitncywg a ll whom it m piling or other citizen of thef'United States, residing atSt. 4 eter sburg,

and 'useful 'lmprovem'ents in Methods of .b Concreting Piles, of which the following is d 'by me o August. 15., 1910, for method and METHOD OE CONCBIETING FILES" Specification of Letters Patent.

ori ginatapplication filed Aug-11st 15Q-1910, Serial No'. 577,365. iDivid ed and this application file d- November 14,1910: seminal 592L149. l:.-

ay concern; comparatively dev01d of water- While-' Be 1tknownf-that IQIKLF ED H; DAvIS, O0ncrete is in the countyofiHillsboro'. and

State of Florida, have invented certain new ofthis" "invention is t0 provld methods whereby the mold casin a specification. s invention process moved from th t ive relates to an improved tide.

in' casting concrete jackets around' structure the present; applimeans located above the level ot the reference will be had to the, ac-

apparatus :foh concreting.piles,' serially numofthe invention."-

b d 577,365. M Figurehrepresents 'in yerticalsection, a One'of the principal ,objects' of this in form mo dapplied in my invention, the ventionpis' to facilitate and --lessen the 00st same being shown closedandlocked ready of labor in forming aprotecti've covering of copcrete, uponsubmerged' or partially "submerged piles on other structure, after they have been put inlplace, and principally to enable the concretecovering-to to receive the concrete miXtureE Fig 2-, represents a transverse section of'a reinforcing frame, a -,tu ular mold and an" in used Fig. 3, is a down to the bottom of the supporting structure lniits proper consistency, and there pertwo half sections and means for locking the mitted' toset without the interminglin'g longitudinal sections-together. Fig. 4, 1s a therewith ofthe'surrounding water. perspective view, with parts broken .awa

. tween 'the ingredients of the mixture, the

-ad vant ages processof covering forms'with a coat1ng= of non-adhesive comtially set,'as-'well as imparting a terior surface to the-eon'cretefjacket.

-' vthe water surrounding the pile I -taining a zone around the pile below the tide.

which the been mixed to '-a(lditi n of fresh water,-

providing ,a receptacleor mold in com: etc is placed, afte'nhaving the proper consistency by the i as contra-distinguished from the methods employed wherein of cement and 'gravelis .placed and sunk into Fig. 8, 1s the locking means whereby the flanged ed es of the tubular mold arecoupled together,

'which means are provided for excluding the ing piles. of whiehvvill. fi ypp My, said: invention hereinafter more further relates to a each section of the mold tral sectional view of thereixifOrcin'g'frame pound,-'w' hich acihtates-the removal of the molds after the concrete has the parsmooth ex together, i

and main- Like parts ar reprcisnted hy similar Pa en Apr. 3.0;.Zi9

of the'reinforcing frame with the tubular in position therein; F ig. 5, is a yerti- 4 ing the application of the method of c'oncretan enlarged view of.

lopened andFig. 10, 1s a sectional viewof the" tile In order tomorein creating a dry zoneiaround thepile.

surrounding water. F 9, isa vertical cencharacters of refercnce in theiseveral views. 7

30 pose hereinafter explained I provide adapted to receive and eontainthe concrete; and of a reinforcing an packet-forming units,

'7 For the purposes of forming a concrete acket around a pile I-provide one or more each ofjwhic'h comrised in the case shown, of "an inner tube immediately surrounding thepil e or object to beconcrete-jacketed; of a-t-ubular mold;

section surrounding the inner. tube and supportingframe adapted to clasp around the tubular mold sectionxfor supporting and reinforcing the same during the operation 0t forming the placed around the pile;

fbr the purpose of. making The sectional inner tube concrete acket.

half sections by, ineans of consists of two which. each section -is I The contiguous vertical edges ofthe two vided with a tongueand'igroove joint, and this-joint tight,"I

place in the groove of the joint; a layer of "suitable compressible packing, such as -standing pile or; other-similar structure, va.

detachable.-

of two sections shown in-F'ig. 4O

- or -divisions of 0 oakum-or other material, well known in the art' and used for making joints water tight.

tube havefbeenplgbed in position'a'ro'und a .pile, I provide for joining thereto by telesc holding the sections together, for the 'pura hasp -and-'stap'le 4:, shown in .Fig,:3. By this means -it w is, possible to "construct around a tube of any desired length, water-j tight, and ,.Around this inner tube is placed the tubi lar mold 'section2, consisting bisected vertically as For the purpose of; pro :'vidinga water tight joint, the-contiguous edges of the tubular mold form are made with extended flanges 5, between which are placed. suitable gaskets 6', designed to .be

compressed by methods hereinafter ,dcscribed, into making. a Water tight seam in the joint between'the two lar' mold sections. For the purpose of gripping these flanged lips toa greater degree.

and thus insuring a water tight joint, I provide set-screws 14, tapped through one of the inwardly extended faces of the'angle tight. For

c5 er Supporting devices irons at suitable intervals, and by means of setting up these screws I am enabled to compress the gaskets 6, placed between flangedlips thereby making the intersecting joints f the tubular'moldsections water the purpose of handling the support- -ing frame and swingin the same into position around the pile orother structure above becement jacketed I provide hooks 17 securely attached to the supporting frame. To hooks 17, are attached suitable chain or the superstructure above the pilingw -from bisected vertically and half sections are pro- When the tlwohalves ofa seotionfof 1111161 the nextsection mg the intersecting joints: ve section-withyth e section; below, and to provide means for securely For the purposes of, creating. a joint wherev the one tubular halves of the tubushown in Fig. 5.

leading upward to ,which' is; insertedfa suita "this meansthe tubular casingscctions are" [which the apparatus is supported and lowcred. V. In Fig. 1., -1s shown the first or lower scci101! of a supporting shaped hoop S, above 17. shown the beginning of the supporting frame, and is shown inter sccted and locked to the lower' section by the the supporting hooks clevises 18,-which are bolted at theirupperannular hoopmf the engaging section, and are arranged to slip overtheupper annular hoop of the lower section and ends to the are locked by the bolt l9 passing there through as shown in-an enlargeddetailed View inFig. ll.

' For providing a-suitablcidetachable joint the the two' sections of the,

and couple supporting frames, joint for bringing latch bar in proper alinement the same with a bolt 20.

for the latch bar 12, at intersections ofv I provide an off; set

frame, the upper ternunais of Wl'iECll section end at the annular Above this annular shaped .hoop' is another section of f 7 In providing a suitable tubular mol tlsieo pile I arrange for t-racted or reduced to making .the'interse'cting edges oi the two half: sections water tight, I provide outtion that can bc placed around a standing each section of the tube, lar mold form tobe made intwo half see I tions divided vertically the lower extrcini-' .ties' of the first or anchor section being confunnel shape at itslower end. To provide a suitable means for wardly extending flanges through-'v vhich'I;

have provided suitable apertures 21, in the one half section, adapted toengage the pro-, trading studs'QZ, placed'in the'other halfsectior so that when the tubular mold form is closed. the studs 22, pass throughthe apertimes 21', and the cotter pins 23, are' laced through the holes provided therefor, in the stud 22, thus securely locking the two-half sections of the tubular mold form together. watertight mold section rests uponand engages the next lower tubular mold section, l provide a suitable lining compressingforce of the weight of jthe'con crete mixture. For the purp oseof further. uniting and maintaining the superposed tions of thetubular mold casing in ahnea ment, I provide a hasp261shown in Fig/I,"

on the onesection, adap ed toengage staple 27, on 'the' ot-her section, through canvas or other fabric,

le cotter 'pin By held together, and may be supported from the superstructure" by suitable chains or follows: When a concrete and without removing the planking of the.

. dock' orf superstructure', uponwhich the work'is to be done,th e-' reinforcing and sup 1 'port-ing'frameI is opened and-placed'fin a :horizontal position as" .shown in Fig. 9. Into this supporting frame i s-placedthe tu'-' bular mold-sectionshown in'Fig. '5, which sufiicient give 'the required thickness of hasbeen.stjglected as of theprop'er diameter the'concre ejacket for the particular pile it is' to be appliedto. T0 the inner surface of h the tubular-mold'section, I apply a non-adhesiye mixture compressed 'of'red lead and common brown soap, which, facilitates sevferi'ng the tubular' mold sections fromjt-he concrete jacket after ithas received itsini-' -.tial set, and also imparts a-smoothness to I the. exterior surface of the-concrete jackets,

The tubular mold sections are held in proper place in. the frame by the supporting hooks l6, "engaging the top and bottom hoops of the supporting frame. The angle iro'nslfi, are also brought into engagement with the slot provided for in the space hetween'the angle irons 7 7, receiving a hearing therein against the supporting. frame as shownin Fig. 4. The supporting frame,

together with the tubular mold forms therein is thenclosed togetherand properly latched. In this form it'is' supported from any cross .timber or part of, thesuperstruc- 'ture by means ofchains or other suitable supports, depending therefrom, attached to thehooks-17i- The'framein its suspended position, together with the tubular mold formtherein is thenopened and swung into position around the pile abovethe water line,- and the .supporting frame is then closed and latched, land thecotter pins 23, are slipped through the holes into studs 22, thus fastening the edges of the-half sec- 1 tionsof the tubular mold casin The set screws -for com ressing the as ets '6, are then properly set up making the joints water tight. I then place the two halves of 'a. section'of the inner tube around the pile, allowing thesame to slip down-over I, the pile until the'lower edge of the inner tube engages the funnel shaped bottom of 'the'tubular mold section as shown inthe dotted lines in Fig. 1, provision being made for placing a'gasket on the lower end of "i the inner tube, where it engages in contact with the funnel'shaped end of the tubular i mold casing, the weightf the inner tube creating a sufficient bearing upon the gasi nner' tube and the funnel-shaped sides of the tubularmold casing. I then place in the annular space formed by the tube, andthe tubular-mold casing, a-proper quantity Iket to make a water tightjoint between the of broken stone or gravel to make aproperl.

foundation'upon which the first application of concrete is placed; The, annular space between the inner 'tube and the tubular mold casing, is then filled fromi above the waterline with aconcretemixture of proper consistency. The supporting frame with the inner tube and the tubula'rlmold casing.

resting'therein,-are then lowered until the top of the mold casing is a fewinches aboye "the water line. 1 I then -placeanothersection of the inner tube around the pile with a telescopic jointconnecting the same with the like section already-in -place. I' then repeat the process of placing another sec-'3 tion ofthe tubular mold forin'into-another section of the supporting frame and clasping the-same around thepile, lowering-the supporting frame section until ,theclevi'ses 18, :engage the uppermost. annular shaped hoop 8, otthe'sectionofthe 'sup'portlng frame already in placei'at thesame time permitting' the inner lining-or fab'ricattached to the lower edge" of the tubular moldsection, to telescope inside of the lower mold section already inpla ce, I then attach-and fasten thetwo supporting frame sections together by inserting the bolts 19, through the lower extremities of thecleviises, and couple up the two sections of the latchbar 12, by inserting the bolt 20, ther'ethrough. To securely attach the two section of the tubular mold casing, I place the hasp 26, over the evelet or staple .27, and insert a cotter pin through the apertures in the s'taple,.thus se curely connecting the one section of the tubular mold casing with the sectionQnext abo e. An application of cement or concrete mixture is then applied to the annular space until by such application the concrete has risen to a point above the fabric apron.

and properly compressing the saui'against the inner sides of the next section of the tubular mold form below, thys making a water tight joint between the two mold sec tions so jointed as aforesaid. The whole apparatus is .then again' lowered and the process ofapplying the mold section is repeated and the concrete is'continued until the 'lower or anchor section composing the funnel shapedjtubing, reaches the bottom and is embedded sufiiciently into the mud or gravel into which the pile i's driven to shut off any sea water getting in from below,

[after which the concreting'may be coni tinued to any desired point above the water line. After the required height of the concrete jacket has been provided. the inner tube is immediately'withdrawn.allowing the concrete in its-plarS'tlCcotld mgn to at the top to concrete above established its initial set the "reinforcing has been reached,

J as

- application No. 577,365, for Letters Patent.

the .filling process.

' its i any disintegration tion until such time nee-ted to the fastenin fore the'dra'wing of the pin next below conr hereinafter set forth in the claims, other modifications in the mold structure and ap- I different forms.

settle around the; pile without altering to I l mingling with said concrete vWhile it is'unany appreciable-extent its proper corsistdergoing the setting process.

ency, and forcing in its settling operation, '1 3. The method of casting-aconcrete jacket any water that may have existed in the around a pile which consists of creating a spacebetween the inner tube and the pile, drv zone within an annular mold placed upwardly and out through and over the top below the tide, filling said zone witlr'conof the concrete. As the inner tube is with-- 'crete of proper consistency, isolating said draw and the concrete settles and fills'up concrete from the surrounding sea water any ep'ress'ions or worm 'eatencavities in during its setting stage, and withdrawing the pile,, sutlicient concrete mixture is added said mold. '7 v 4. The method of forming concrete jackets arounda pile which consists of creating a-dry zone around a submerged pile filling said zone-with concrete, isolating the con- 'crete from the pile while lowering itto the ground foundation, allowing *the c nc'rete to come in contact with the pile, and-main taining saidmone isolated from the surrounding sea water during the initial set of the concrete. 7 i

5. Method. of casting concrete jackets around a pile below the sui'faceof the water,- 'consisti ng of creating a zone around ,the pile devoid of water below the level of the tide, placing concrete properly mixed within said zone, isolating the concrete from the pile.

always keep the level of the the water line as the tube is being withdrawn, .thus providing against of the concrete mixture.-

After the concrete mixture thus applied has and supporting frame '3, may be removed, the tubularinoldform 2, being left in posias theconcrete thus formed around the pile has attained suiticient. ageand hardness to resist the .action of the water in agitation caused lay-tides, currents, and undertowi, -After :this' state the cotter pins 23, are withdrawn, by, suitable chain's connectedtherewith extending upward to a point above the water line. "To provide for the dnawing of one of'these cotter pins? at'a time and thus drawing the various pins in sefiatim,.1 arrange my. draw' chains concotter pins in such manner that thereis a little slack chain between the fastening of the chain to the one pin and the of the chain to the pin next below, so that inidrawingthe uppermost pin no tension is put on the next succee ing pin below, until sufiici'ent movement of' the chains has disengaged each upper pin betion into which the pile is driven, allowing. the concrete while in plastic condition to come in contact. with the pile, and allowing a 'settiiig thereof without the intermingling there'withoi the surrounding sea water.

6 The method of forming concrete jackc-ts around a pile or other similar structure, wholly or partially subn'ierged, which consists ot screening an area or zone below the level of. the water around a pile from the surrounding water, by means of tnbularcasings, coating the interior of said casing with non-adhesive compound filling said 'area'or zone with properly mixed concrete, and "lowering the tubular casings with the concrete therein'to ground foundation into which theile is driven. I A

7. Method of coating the exterior surface of a pile with concrete, w placing an inner 'ca sing around a pile, p a'cing an outer casing of greater diameter around said inner casing, excluding water from the annular space formed between sai inner casing and outer casing,.fil ling, the annular spaceconcrete, lowering the in'nerfiand outer casing to the ground foundation into which the pile is driven, an withdrawing 'the'mner mences, 1

Since the presentlnvjention resides n the method of covering piles with concrete asparatus may be-"made without departure from the scope thereof and it may also be practiced in the employment of other and of molds andapparatus.

-' The apparatus herein shown and de-' scribed is made the subject of a separate What I do claim as ny invention is: 1. The method which consists in creating around a pile within. the water surround ingthe same, an annular zone evoid of water, filling said 'zon'e with-concrete, and I, v I isolating said concrete from the pile during in a plastic condition, to close up the vo d preexisting betweeminner casing-andouter surface of the pile.

1 8. A method of forming a concrete jaclfet .around a pile or; analogous structure, which consistsin supporting a section of tubular 2-; The method of coating a submergedpile with concrete, which consists-of creating a dry zone around a pile below the level of the tide, placing-a fill-ing of pr operly mixed concrete within said zone, iso-' lating saidlconcrete romj the pile, and ex top of said casing above the'water-line, cluding the surrouiiding water fr'oni'interso formed with properly mixed lowering. the concrete to the ground foundas inch consists in p casing thereby permitting the concrete while casings encircling a. pile mainta ning the m properly lznixedv concrete, placing, another" ings around piles, whiclboonsists of creating section of tubular-easing'onthe' no so filled; I within ,the surrounding, sea water ananlowermg the sections sogplace' and filled, nu1ar.driy z'one within t mold, filling said to the oundjfounda'tion Into which the mold'with .concrete,'is olatil:finsaid 'eoncrete 5 0 6 pile is riven-,and the inner'ca'sfrom the pile and surroun g sea water, lngs therefrom, permlttmg the concrete, in lowering said mold-with concrete thereinjto its plastlc condition toadyust itself around the bottom othe pile, bringing-the concrete the exterior surface. ,0 the pile hermetically -in contect withfthe surface of the; He, and 'sezghn lgl'1 the same. maintaining the concrete'i'solated om the- 56 e method. of' forming concrete ce s-- surrounding water while undergoing its m 'gs around piles which consists q f'creating initi'alset.

w thin the surrounding sea water; an ann'u-. 14. The method f forming concrete jacklar dryzonewithina said'mold .ets around a pile' 'or other similar structure,

10 from the pile and surrounding sea water slats of. screening. an area on-zone below while" the moldwithc'onerete therein islow- {the lev'elflof the water around a" lie fromthe .eredjtothebottom of the pile. I I e'urrqundingwater, by means 9 tubular feasv .;10. The method of forming concrete cas- I ngs ceeting the .interior of said casing with with concrete and lsolatmg said concrete hghqllj or partially' suhmerged, whence '60- around "i1 .which' 'eonsist'sofpcie' non-adhesive com ,ound,.l illin f's'aid area or 6! a i g e S rr nd n a water as 'z'en .with 'p 'p y jmixegi. concrete, lowerularzone-withinamold; fillingsaid. the tubular. casi wi I h concrete'therein mold with concrete. isolating said concrete to the, ground--- foiun nt'ionlinto. which; the

from thepile andsurrounding waterwhile; pile is dri-ilen and ,removin midi-casing the mold with concrete therein,- is lowered .to [after theconcrete has receiv itsijnitial set.

25 the bottomof the pile,.a'nd removing jthe 15.. A'method otiforming concrete jackets mold after the-concrete 'has'greceivfi "its aroundabiker-analogous. structure, which initial set.- V 'consists'in. su portin'ga section .ofztubhlar 11. The method of yformifigfconcrete' cas-.. casingsaroun a 'p'ile, maintaining the-top of ingsaround piles,"which:co'ns1s'ts of'creatin'g seid'casin'gs above the-waterline. fillingthe wlthin'the surrounding se waterfall anannular space in-said casings with'properly nulardrjyzone isolated fro thesurfaoeaof mixed, concrete 'placing another section of the pile and the surrounding seawater, filltubular casings on the "one so filled; lowerm said zone with concrete, and extending 1 the section so placed-and filled to the green sa d zone with the concrete therein. to the; foundation into which. the 116 1s dr1ven,re- 0 #6 bottom of the file;- v j moving. the inner casing t erefrom ermlt- 12. The met odrof formingconcrete cafs ting'-the cOncreIeinj'its plastic condltlon to around piles, which consists of. creating adjust-I itself around the exterior surface. of

wlthinthe surrounding :se'af water an an-ythe pile-"hermeticallysealingthe. 'same, and nular' zone isolated from the surfaceof the r removing'theexterlor casm'g after the con-- 4 pile and surrounding I'sea. water, filling said crete has-recelved lts-lmtlel', set.

zone' with concrete, extendings'aid zone'with In testimony whereof I have ufixed my the concrete-therein .tothe bottomxof' the, slgnature 1n presenceof two wltnesses.

pile, and bringing the concrete in con'tact ALFRED HQ DAVIS. with the surface of thepile while isolated. Witnesses; I 6 from the surroundin seewat'er; Weumn Ronursox HOWARD,

13. The method 0 forming concrete cas- I A .P. .Avenx. 

